The $62/Oz Bull Case For Silver

The bullish case for silver is strengthening.

Fundamental undercurrents point to major changes in the global and American economy.

Monetary expansion, potential inflation, and the gold-to-silver ratio suggest now might be silver’s time.

I am increasingly bullish on the prospects for silver, for three primary reasons:

1. Monetary extravagance should benefit hard assets.

2. Inflation may be on the horizon.

3. The gold-to-silver ratio is at extreme levels.

1. Monetary Extravagance

Since the Global Financial Crisis of 2008/2009, the Federal Reserve’s balance sheet has grown non-stop (see chart below). Indeed, from the depths of the crisis to the middle of the expansion, US Treasuries held by the Fed rose from about $400 billion to $2.4 trillion. While the US experienced the “greatest economy ever” towards the end of 2019, the Fed’s US Treasury holdings could only be reduced to about $2 trillion. This was the best of times!

Today, we are in the worst of times, and US Treasury holdings have skyrocketed to about $4 trillion within a couple months.

Of course, Treasury holdings is only a proxy for the countless support measures currently managed by the Federal Reserve. The list is long with the Fed now buying corporate debt, providing open swap lines and basically accepting any financial trash as collateral for dollars. Federal Reserve actions highlight the global dollar shortage.

Consequently, to help fill this hole, the world has witnessed the fastest year-over-year growth of US money supply (M2) ever!

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343576-15895630694760563_origin-5354558

Source for both charts: St Louis Federal Reserve

While much of this new money remains trapped in the banking system, a meaningful portion finds its way into the markets. Money supply has a strong correlation – likely causation – with asset prices. This likely explains the huge relief rally we’ve witnessed since the March 23rd lows for the S&P 500 (SPY).

Given the Great Depression-era economic fundamentals, it is likely the massive monetary expansion continues. I could show dozens of graphs showing a collapse in GDP, industrial production, sentiment and economic activity. Instead, I’ll show just one: The Employment-Population Ratio.

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Source: St Louis Federal Reserve

While it has been deteriorating since its 2000 peak, the number of employed people as a percent of the total US population has utterly collapsed almost overnight. In the middle of 2000, 65 people for every 100 were contributing to the economic pie. This number has dropped to 51.

Said differently, in 2000, the productive activity of 65 people had to cover entitlements for 35 dependents. Today, each working person must cover the entitlements of one non-working person.

This results in enormous long-term shortfalls. Since it is politically unpalatable to cut entitlements, it is very likely debt expansion – and thus the monetary expansion – continues unabated. It must, or the political and social system collapses under its own weight.

America wants the champagne lifestyle but has a beer budget. The rest, therefore, needs to be subsidized with debt and a covert economic policy to suppress real yields.

It has worked so far, but faith in central banking grows ever weary. As this continues, the opportunity cost of holding precious metals – gold (GLD) and silver (SLV) – shrinks. This provides a bullish long-term case for both metals.

2. Inflation on the Horizon

Currently, we are experiencing epic deflationary pressures. Corporate revenues have collapsed as consumption has imploded. Savings rates have jumped, and we are teetering at the edge of a catastrophic debt deflation. The one card holding up the house is massive government and Fed intervention. In the end, perhaps CPI numbers might not show actual deflation. Nevertheless, the pressures are immense.

The world is in the early stages of a new experiment to help support the economy: helicopter money. There is growing chatter about a ‘basic income’ provided to all US citizens. While throwing money at the general population might be politically and economically desirable at the moment, the long-term consequences are very challenging.

Given the poor history of reversing stimulus, it can reasonably be assumed that any form of helicopter money might never end. Which elected official will be the one to tell the voting public he’s taking away their monthly allowance? That doesn’t sound like a ticket to the White House.

This means that, once current deflationary pressures end, the dependence on government handouts might not. Free money directly into the hands of Americans might create the inflation that central banks never could, because the middle man (i.e. banking system) is removed. Helicopter money is a direct infusion of money into the economy. This has inflationary implications, which is beneficial for real assets like silver.

Helicopter money isn’t the only potential inflationary force faced by America. Prior to the COVID-19 coronavirus tragedy, America and China were in the midst of a trade war.

Simply put, one superpower was trying to prevent the rise of another. Like it or not, life is a competition for resources. Consequently, it’s a competition for power and control. Despite effectively making China what it is today, current American policy is looking to contain that growth. The coronavirus amplified that policy, as it underscored the risks involved with relying on China in the supply chain.

It won’t be overnight, but the world is starting to reverse a trend that began decades ago. Previously, American companies offshored and outsourced production to China because it was far cheaper. The ‘Walmartization’ of corporate America meant that US consumers got cheap clothes, TVs, and other stuff off the back of low-wage Chinese labor.

While we may never transition to purely insular America-first production chains, de-globalization will become a long-term trend. This means a return to more expensive American production and higher prices for consumer goods. In other words: inflation.

3. The Gold-to-Silver Ratio

Between 1687 and 2019, the gold-to-silver ratio has ranged from 14.14 to 99.76 (see chart below). Over this period, the average gold-to-silver ratio was 28.19.

On May 15, 2020 (not shown in chart below), the gold-to-silver ratio was 102.84!

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Data source: DumbWealth.com, Measuring Worth

While it’s impossible to say that any ratio is ‘correct’, history does serve as a guide for what’s normal. Based on the simple historical average, the price of silver should be about $62 per ounce.

Another reference point for determining the relative value of something is how much of it exists.

For every kilogram of Earth’s crust, there is 0.075mg of silver and 0.004mg of gold (Abundance of Elements in the Earth’s Crust and in the Sea, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th edition (2016-2017), p. 14-17). This implies there is 18.75 times more silver on the planet than gold.

While this figure doesn’t consider mining costs, demand, or usage, the ratio is remarkably similar to the long-term average gold-to-silver ratio, both of which are vastly different from the current ratio. Directionally, this provides a bullish impetus to silver vis-a-vis gold.

Final Thoughts

While gold is more of a pure play on distrust in central banking, silver is its underrated, more rambunctious cousin.

Valuing precious metals is more of an art than science. One must rely on a variety of indicators and relationships to get a sense of where the metal is headed.

With massive monetary expansion, potential for inflation and silver’s historical relationship to gold, I believe the upside for silver could be fantastic and is worth consideration.

Given its recent underperformance relative to gold, now might be silver’s time.

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